The Red Fort Trials of 1945–46 were landmark court-martial proceedings against officers of the Indian National Army (INA). The trials of Shah Nawaz Khan, Prem Kumar Sahgal, and Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon sparked widespread public support, strengthened national unity, and intensified opposition to British rule. This UPSC-focused study note covers the background, legal defence, public reaction, subsequent trials, and historical significance of the INA Trials.

India’s freedom was shaped by the courage, sacrifice, and determination of countless freedom fighters. From iconic leaders like Mahatma Gandhi, Subhas Chandra Bose, Bhagat Singh, Rani Lakshmibai, Sardar Patel, and Jawaharlal Nehru to lesser-known heroes such as Matangini Hazra, Kanaklata Barua, Alluri Sitarama Raju, Tirot Sing, Begum Hazrat Mahal, Peer Ali Khan, and Uda Devi, their stories reflect the spirit of India’s freedom struggle

Veer Savarkar was a revolutionary, social reformer, writer and political thinker whose life played a significant role in India's freedom struggle and social history. From Abhinav Bharat and his imprisonment in Cellular Jail to his fight against untouchability and writings on Hindutva, Savarkar remains one of India's most debated historical figures.

Social media has transformed how young people communicate, learn, and build relationships. While excessive usage can contribute to anxiety, sleep problems, cyberbullying, and reduced self-esteem, completely banning social media may not be the answer. This blog explores a balanced, multi-stakeholder approach to help Gen Z and Gen Alpha use social media safely, responsibly, and meaningfully.

Indus IAS Academy in Hebbal offers personalized UPSC mentorship, weekend classes, weekly Prelims and Mains tests, and guidance from experienced faculty.